Andrew Ng: Six Hard Nuts to Crack in Building and Deploying AI Applications

Andrew Ng breaks down the core competencies of AI engineers: from the underlying principles of LLMs, data feeding, and agent construction, to evaluation-driven development, production environment operations, and machine learning fundamentals—six hard nuts that are interlinked. The most critical one—being able to run a rigorous evaluation loop—is the true dividing line between excellent and average engineers.